过去进行时|过去进行时的结构

  过去进行时由“was/were+现在分词”构成,两者缺一不可。was用于第一、三人称单数,而were用于其他人称。   学习要点――基本用法   1.表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。例如:
  What were you doing this time yesterday?
  昨天这个时候你在做什么?
  2.表示过去某一阶段内的连续性动作。例如:
  We were visiting many places when we stayed there.
  在美国逗留期间,我们参观了许多地方。
  3.表示两个延续性动作同时进行。例如:
  He was doing his homework while his sister was reading.
  当时他正在写作业,而她姐姐在看书。
  4.表示一个渐进的变化过程。例如:
  She was getting better and better. 她的身体越来越好了。
  5.用于间接引语中,表示过去将来的动作。例如:
  She said she was leaving for Shanghai soon.
  她说她很快就会动身前往上海。
  学习要点二――时间状语
  1.at this/that time last night, at 9:00 yesterday, from seven to nine yesterday morning, during…, last year, yesterday morning等。例如:
  My parents were watching TV at this time last night.
  我父母昨晚这个时候在看电视。
  2.以一般过去时的句子来作“参照物”。
  (1) 一个过去动作发生时,另一个过去动作正在进行。如:
  He was drawing an elephant when the teacher came in.
   当老师进来时,他正在画一头大象。
  (2) 一个过去动作正在进行时,另一个过去动作发生了。如:
  A woman saw it happen when she was walking past.
  一位妇女路过时看到事情的发生。
  (3) 一个过去动作正在进行时,另一个动作也正在进行。如:
  Some students were running round the track when we were having a meeting in the classroom.
  当我们在教室里开会时,一些同学在跑道上跑步。
  学习要点三――过去进行时和一般过去时用法的区别
  1.过去进行时往往表示动作的未完成性,而一般过去时往往表示动作已完成。试比较:
  David wrote a letter to his father last night.
  大卫昨晚给他父亲写了一封信。(信写完了。)
  David was writing a letter to his father last night.
  大卫昨晚正在给他父亲写信。(指信在写的过程中,不一定写完。)
  2.过去进行时侧重动作持续时间的长度;而一般过去时只说明过去某时发生某事,侧重说明事实。试比较:
  It was raining heavily last night.
  昨晚下着大雨。(侧重说明下雨持续时间长。)
  It rained heavily last night.
  昨晚下了大雨。(侧重说明下雨这一事实。)
  3.在when 引导的时间状语从句中,当when 相当于while 时,用一般过去时与过去进行时无差异。如:
  I saw John when I walked/ was walking to the station.
  我步行去火车站时看见了约翰。