it这个单词在英语中使用频率很高。它可作代词,也可在句子当中作形式主语、形式宾语,有时还可用来构成强调句型。近几年,考查它的题目也越来越多,因此,我们要重视it的用法。
一、 it作代词,有主要用法四种。
1.作主语,用来指时间、日期、地点、距离、天气等。例如:
―What time is it ?―It is eight.
It’s about three hundred meters away from my home to the school.
It’s snowing now.
2. 用来指代前面提到的事物或情况,做主语或宾语。例如:
I have a pet . It’s friendly.
3. 用来指性别不详的婴儿或心目当中的人,常用在“敲门”或“打电话”的句子中。例如:
―Who is the baby in the picture ? ―It’s me .
―Who’s that speaking ? ―It’s Tom.
4. 在回答指示代词this/that 指代人的特殊疑问句时用it。例如:
―Who is that under the tree ? ―It’s a young man.
二、作形式主语,而真正的主语是动词不定式、动名词或名词性从句。
1.It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人花费多长时间做某事。 例如:
It took me half an hour to finish my homework yesterday.
It takes her ten minutes to clean her room every day.
2.It’s +名词/形容词+(for sb.)+todosth.。例如:
It’s important for us to learn English well.
It’s our duty to make our country stronger and stronger.
3.It seems/seemed +that 从句。例如:
It seems that the student passed the exam.
4.It’s reported/said +that 从句(据报道或据说)。例如:
It’s reported that it will be snowy tomorrow.
It’s said that a car accident happened to him.
5.It’s +形容词/名词+that 从句。例如:
It’s true that the scientist used to be a worker.
It’s a pity that Li Lei missed this wonderful soccer game yesterday.
三、作形式宾语,代替动词不定式、动名词或名词从句。在这种句型中,it后常带宾语补足语,而真正的宾语要放在宾补之后。例如:
I feel it very interesting to study English with him.
We all think it impolite to speak loudly in public.
四、it用来构成强调句。其结构为:It is/was +被强调部分+who/that +其他。一般来说,被强调部分指人时用who,指物时用that 。例如:
It was your mother who found this new pen today.
It was the day before yesterday that I saw Tom in the street.
总之,只要同学们在复习时,能够认真地总结,灵活地运用,就能够掌握住it的用法。